Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for pain during propofol injection: a randomized clinical trial
이동우, 진주화, 김지효, 오진영, 전영훈,
소속 상세정보
이동우 ( Lee Dong-Woo ) - Kyungpook National University School of Dentistry Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
진주화 ( Jin Ju-Hwa ) - Kyungpook National University School of Medicine Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
김지효 ( Kim Ji-Hyo ) - Kyungpook National University School of Medicine Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
오진영 ( Oh Jin-Young ) - Kyungpook National University School of Medicine Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
전영훈 ( Jeon Young-Hoon ) - Kyungpook National University School of Dentistry Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Abstract
Background: Propofol is a short-acting intravenous sedative widely used for procedural sedation and general anesthesia. However, pain during propofol injection is a distressing adverse effect. This study was designed to investigate whether transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) could reduce pain during propofol injection compared to sham TENS.
Methods: In a randomized controlled trial, 80 patients were allocated to two groups: the active TENS group received electrical stimulation via two electrodes on the venous cannulation site, whereas the sham TENS group received no stimulus. After 20 min following TENS, propofol 0.5 mg/kg pain was injected intravenously and pain was evaluated using a four-point score (0 = none, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe). Adverse effects associated with TENS were also recorded.
Results: The overall incidence of pain during propofol injection was 47.5% in the TENS group and 87.5% in the sham group (P < 0.001). The incidence of moderate pain was significantly lower in the TENS group (7.5%) than in the sham TENS group (42.5%) (P < 0.001). There were no complications associated with TENS.
Conclusion: Pre-treatment with TENS significantly reduced the incidence and intensity of pain during propofol injection.
키워드
Intravenous Injections; Pain; Propofol; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation
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